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Контрольные №1-4 Английский язык, вариант 1 НГАСУ

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Год: 2017 | Страниц: 24

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КОНТРОЛЬНОЕ ЗАДАНИЕ № 1

ВАРИАНТ № I

I. Перепишите следующие предложения. Определите по грамматическим признакам, какой ча¬тью речи являются слова, оформленные окончанием s и какую функцию это окончание выпол¬няет, то есть служит ли оно.

а) показателем 3–го лица единственного числа глагола в Present Indefinite Active,

б) признаком множественного числа имени существительного,

в) показателем притяжательного падежа имени существительного. Переведите предложения на русский язык

1. The “Big Ben” clock weighs 13,5 tons.

2. Most of London’s places of interest are to the north of the river Thames.

3. Hyde Park covers 360 acres.

II. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их, обращая внимание на особенности перевода на русский язык определений, выраженных именем существительным.

1. Several Moscow University physicists work at this problem.

2. The United States President lives in the White House.

3. The centre part of this large complex is a five–storey brick house with cast–iron columns and brick vaulting.

III. Перепишите следующие предложения, содержащие разные формы сравнения, и переведите их на русский язык.

1. One of the most famous buildings in England is St Paul's Cathedral.

2. One can see the largest blue diamond in the world in the Washington Museum.

3. No building in Washington may be more than 40 metres tall.

IV. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на перевод неопределенных и отрицательных местоимений.

1. At some of the London Underground stations there are lifts, others have escalators.

2. Any student of our group can speak on the history of London.

3. No park in London is as popular as Hyde Park.

V. Перепишите следующие предложения, определите в них видо-временные формы глаголов и укажите их инфинитив. Переведите предложения на русский язык

1. George Washington selected the place for the capital of the USA.

2. The Port of London is to the East of the City.

3. In a few days she will leave for St Petersburg.

VI. Прочтите и устно переведите с 1–го по 7–й абзацы текста. Перепишите и письменно переведи¬те 1, 2, 3, 6 и 7–й абзацы

LONDON

1. London is the capital of Great Britain. It lies in the South East of England on both banks of the river Thames. London is one of the largest cities in the world and the largest port and industrial city in England London is more than twenty centuries old.

2. The heart of the capital is the City The territory of the City is only about one square mile, but it is the financial and business centre of the country It contains almost all important English banks and of¬fices.

3. The West End of London is famous for its beautiful

monuments and palaces, fine parks, fashion¬able shops and big hotels The East End is quite different from the West End. И is the district of facto¬ries, plants and the docks. The main branches of industry are machine–building, ship–building, metal–process ing and others. The narrow streets and poor houses of the East End present a contrast to the homes of the rich people in the West End

4. There are many places of interest in London One of them is Trafalgar Square with the Nelson's monument 185 feet high. Buckingham Palace is the royal residence Westminster Abbey is one of the most beautiful buildings in London It contains the memorials of many famous citizens of Britain

5. Across the road from Westminster Abbey are the Houses of Parliament, the seat of the British government The clock tower towers over the Houses of Parliament, It contains "Big Ben" – one of the largest clocks in the world

6. The lower of London is one of the most interesting places in London It was a fortress, a royal residence, a prison, now it is a museum Not far from the tower you can see the Tower Bridge, one of the finest bridges in London.

7. London is famous for its green parks Hyde Park is the most popular of them It is the greatest park in London as well

8. London is the centre of the country's cultural life. There are many museums and art galleries in London the National Gallery, the Portrait Gallery, the Tate Gallery, the British Museum, the Natural History Museum and many others.

VII. Прочтите 6-й абзац текста и письменно ответьте на вопрос

What is the Tower of London now?

КОНТРОЛЬНОЕ ЗАДАНИЕ № 2

ВАРИАНТ I

I. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них глагол-сказуемое и опре-делите его видо-временную форму и залог Переведите предложения на русский язык. В разделе (б) обратите внимание на перевод пассивных конструкций.

а)

1. Chemical science is successfully solving many complex problems.

2. Radio astronomy has given mankind efficient means for penetration into space.

б)

1. The reinforced concrete tower of the TV centre in Moscow was built after the design of Nicolai Nikitin.

2. Heat energy is transmitted in two different ways.

II. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них Participle I и Participle II и установите функции каждого из них, т.е. укажите, является ли оно определением, обстоятельством или частью глагола-сказуемого. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Nylon was the first synthetic fibre used in clothing.

2. The atoms forming our planet are built of negative electrons, positive protons and ordinary neutrons.

3. This kind of treatment when used makes the metals heat–resistant.

4. When passing through an electroscope X–rays cause its discharge.

III. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол или его эквивалент. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. One object may be larger than another one, but it may weigh less.

2. Mass can also be defined as measure of inertia.

3. Man–made satellites had to use solar cells as a source of power.

4. Plastics should be reinforced by different kinds of fibres.

IV. Прочтите и устно переведите с 1–го по 8–й абзацы текста. Перепишите и письменно переведите 2, 3 и 4–й абзацы

MIKHAIL LOMONOSOV

1. Outstanding poet, founder of Russian literature and creator of the Russian literary language – that is how the father of the Russian science, Mikhail Lomonosov, is known.

2. A brilliant student, he was included among those who were sent abroad in 1736 to study chemistry and metallurgy While abroad. Lomonosov studied philosophy, physics, mathematics and foreign languages. On his return to St Petersburg, he was accepted in 1741 as an associate of the Academy of Sciences in physics. Four years later he was appointed professor and elected a member of the Academy

3. After the death of Peter I in 1725, the Academy had fallen into hands of a group of pseudo–scientists – for the most part foreigners who were supported by the tsarist court and the Government Lomonosov openly opposed these "academicians" He fought for the success of his country's science, devoting himself heart and soul to this work. In the words of the immortal Pushkin: "Lomonosov was a great man... . He founded the first Russian University: or to express it more clearly, he himself was our first University".

4. Lomonosov established the first chemical laboratory in Russia, and headed it in its work. He published a number of books on Russian philology, lectured on physics, widened the practical applica¬tion of natural sciences For Lomonosov science was not an end in itself but a means for developing the productive forces and raising the cultural level of the people.

5. It was Lomonosov's dream to develop scientists from among the people, "our own Newtons and Platons". He fought for the establishment of schools for general education. He himself wrote books in his own Russian language, as opposed to the "purists" who recognized only Latin as the language of science.

6. As mentioned above. Lomonosov laid the foundation for the scientific study of the Russian lan¬guage, created Russian grammar, developed prosody, opening up horizons to Russian literature. The great Russian cntic, Belinsky, wrote of Lomonosov: "Our literature begins with Lomonosov. He was its father and mentor, he was its Peter the Great."

7. There is hardly a single field of science which does not show the influence of his brilliant mind.

8. Lomonosov may thus truly be considered the father of the Russian science and at the same lime a great educator, the first man to popularize science in Russia.

V. Прочтите 5–й абзац текста и вопрос к нему Из приведенных вариантов ответа укажите номер предложения, содержащего ответ на поставленный вопрос:

What did Lomonosov fight for?

КОНТРОЛЬНОЕ ЗАДАНИЕ № 3

ВАРИАНТ I

I. Перепишите следующие предложения, определите в каждом из них видо-временную форму и залог глагола–сказуемого Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. The problem of the protection of our environment is sometimes ignored.

2. When the problem of the protection of the environment had been discussed the representatives of the conference began working out the programme of immediate actions.

3. Measures for protecting our water and air will be taken by the local authorities.

4. Nowadays ecologically pure fuel is being applied in cars.

II. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обратите внимание на разные значения слов it, than, one

1. It is evident that ecological problems should be paid much attention to.

2. One should learn ecology at school and do some practical work to protect nature in every possible way.

3. It is ecology that attracts so much attention on the part of the mankind

nowadays.

III. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обратите внимание на разные значения глаголов to be, to have, to do

1. A conference devoted to environmental problems is to be held this month.

2. People had to be evacuated from the dangerous area.

3. The level of harmful ingredients in the air and water in this area doesn't exceed the normal level.

4. Radiation had greatly influenced the climate of the Earth.

IV. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обратите внимание на бессоюзное подчинение.

1. We know nuclear weapons poison the atmosphere.

2. The new ecologically pure materials our plant produces gain great popularity.

V. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обратите внимание на функции инфинитива.

1. Определение

The programme of measures aimed at protecting the water in this lake to be earned out in the nearest future is very important.

2. Подлежащее

To use building materials that are not harmful to our health is the task of structural engineers.

3. Именная часть сказуемого

This scientist was the first to publish the data showing a dangerous situation in the area.

4. Обстоятельство цели

The participants of the conference assembled to discuss the key problems of environmental protec¬tion.

VI. Прочтите и устно переведите с 1–го по 8–й абзацы текста. Перепишите и письменно переведи¬те 1,2, 3 и 8–й абзацы

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

1. The poisoning of the world's land, air and water is the fastest spreading disease of civilization. It probably produces fewer headlines than wars, earthquakes and floods, but it is potentially one of history's greatest dangers to human life on earth. If present trends continue for the next several decades, our planet will become uninhabitable.

2. Overpopulation, pollution and energy consumption have created such planet–wide problems as massive deforestation, ozone depletion, acid rains and the global warming that is believed to be caused by the greenhouse effect.

3. The seas are in danger. They are filled with poison: industrial and nuclear waste, chemical ferti¬lizers and pesticides The Mediterranean is already nearly dead; the North Sea is following – The Aral Sea is on the brink of extinction If nothing is done about it. one day nothing will be able to live in the seas.

4. Every ten minutes one kind of animal, plant or insect dies out forever. If nothing is done about it, one million species that are alive today will have become extinct very soon.

5. Air pollution is a very serious problem. In Cairo just breathing the air is life threatening – equivalent to smoking two packs of cigarettes a day The same holds true for Mexico City and 600 cities of the Commonwealth countries.

6. Industrial enterprises emit tons of harmful substances. These emissions have disastrous conse¬quences for our planet. They are the main reason for the greenhouse effect and acid rains.

7. An even greater environmental threat is nuclear power stations. We all know how tragic the con¬sequences of the Chernobyl disaster are.

8. People are beginning to realize that environmental problems are not somebody else's. They join and support various international organizations and green parties. If governments wake up to what is happening – perhaps we'll be able to avoid the disaster that threatens the natural world and all of us with it.

VII. Прочтите 6–й абзац текста и ответьте письменно на вопрос.

What is the main reason for the greenhouse effect and acid rains?

КОНТРОЛЬНОЕ ЗАДАНИЕ № 4

ВАРИАНТ 1

1. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения. Помните, что объектный и субъектный инфинитивные обороты соответствуют придаточным предложениям.

1. Wood and bricks are proved to be the most ancient building materials.

For the construction we need many large panels to be delivered in advance.

We know new types of concrete to have found wide application in building.

II. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения. Обратите внимание на перевод зависимого и независимого (самостоятельного) причастных оборотов.

1. Testing a new type of hoisting crane the engineer offered some recommendations as to its use.

Having built a new prefabrication plant, we increased the output of prefabricated structures and units.

Wood being easily subjected to fire, wooden houses were immediately replaced by the stone ones.

III. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения. Обратите внимание на то, как переводятся условные предложения.

If the house had been built by December, you would have lived in a new flat already.

If you had answered all the questions at the exam, you would have got an excellent mark.

It would be impossible to carry out any intensive programme in construction without new building materials.

IV. Прочтите и устно переведите с 1–го но 6–й абзацы текста. Перепишите и письменно переведи¬те 1, 2, 3 и 4–й абзацы.

THE PROPERTIES OF BUILDING MATERIALS

1. Materials that are used for structural purposes should meet several requirements. In most cases it is important that they should be hard, durable, fire resistant and easily fastened together

2. The most commonly used materials are steel, concrete, stone, wood and brick They differ in hardness, durability and fire–resistance Wood is the most ancient structural material It is light, cheap and easy to work But wood has certain disadvantages: it burns and decays.

3. Stone belongs to one of the oldest building materials used by man. It is characteristic of many properties. They are mechanical strength, compactness, porosity, sound and heal insulation and fire–resistance. Bricks were known many thousands of years ago. They are the examples of artificial build¬ing materials

4. Concrete is referred to as one of the most important building materials. Concrete is a mixture of cement, sand, crushed stone and water. Steel has come into general use with the development of indus¬try. Its manufacture requires special equipment and skilled labour.

5. Plastics combine all the fine characteristics of a building material with good insulating properties. It is no wonder that the architects and engineers have turned to them to add beauty to modern homes and offices.

6. All building materials are divided into three main groups 1) main building materials such as rocks and artificial stones, timber and metals. 2) binding materials such as lime, gypsum and cement, 3) secondary or auxiliary materials which are used for the interior parts of the buildings. We use many building materials for bearing structures. Binding materials are used for making artificial stone and for joining different planes. For the interior finish of the building we use secondary materials.

V. Прочтите 6–й абзац текста и ответьте письменно на следующий вопрос:

What are the main building materials?

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